[Ips-dsgr] ASWFC Daily Report - 28 November 25 issued 2330 UT on 28 Nov 2025 [SEC=OFFICIAL]

Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre aswfc at bom.gov.au
Sat Nov 29 10:30:57 AEDT 2025


SUBJ: ASWFC DAILY SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL REPORT
ISSUED AT 2330UT/28 NOVEMBER 2025
FROM THE AUSTRALIAN SPACE WEATHER FORECASTING CENTRE
SUMMARY FOR 28 NOVEMBER AND FORECAST FOR 29 NOVEMBER - 01 DECEMBER
STATUS INDICATORS SOL:** YELLOW **   MAG:GREEN     ION: ** YELLOW **
ASWAS SCALE DESCRIPTION: https://bit.ly/3lmaMBx
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1A. SOLAR SUMMARY
Activity 28 Nov:  R2

Flares    Max     Fadeout    Freq.  Sectors
  M5.9    2222UT  possible   lower  East Pacific/
                                    North American

Observed 10.7 cm flux/Equivalent Sunspot Number for 28 Nov: 138/92


1B. SOLAR FORECAST
             29 Nov             30 Nov             01 Dec
Activity     R1-R2              R1-R2              R1-R2
Fadeouts     Probable           Probable           Probable
10.7cm/SSN   140/94             150/105            150/105

COMMENT: Solar activity on UT day 28-Nov was at the R2 level, 
with an impulsive R2 (M5.9) flare observed at 28/2222UT from 
a new solar region rotating onto the solar disk over the southeast 
solar limb at solar latitude S15. This region could be of the 
more complex beta-gamma magnetic class, however the current limb 
proximity makes magnetic complexity assessment difficult. This 
new region also produced several middle range C class solar flares 
over the UT day. Solar region AR4291 (S14W09, beta-gamma) has 
shown decay in its trailer spots and has been relatively flare 
quiet. Solar region AR4288 (N18W22, beta) has shown minor development 
in the the number of small spots to the north of its main spot. 
Other on disk regions are small. There are currently five numbered 
regions and one new unnumbered region on the visible solar disk. 
All other regions are either stable or in decay. Solar activity 
is expected to be at the R1-R2 level over 29-Nov to 01-Dec, due 
to the new active solar region rotating onto the disk over the 
southeast solar limb and also due to the possible return of solar 
region AR4274 to the north east solar limb on 29-Nov. This region 
produced R3 flare activity on its previous disk transit with 
a solar latitude of approximately N24 and whilst there is some 
emission activity near this latitude on the northeast solar limb, 
it currently does not seem particularly large/bright, with some 
plasma ejecta observed at 28/1304UT in GOES 304 imagery. The 
background solar X-ray flux has increased in the past 24 hours 
probably more in association with the new medium sized region 
currently rotating onto the disk over the southeast solar limb. 
Plasma ejecta was observed at 28/1352UT in GOES 304 imagery from 
this region. An isolated equatorial coronal hole is visible in 
the northeast solar quadrant, with current solar longitude centre 
at E35. The Earth may enter the wind stream from this hole in 
about 4 days time. S0 solar radiation storm conditions were observed 
on 28-Nov. S0 solar radiation storm conditions are expected over 
29 Nov to 01-Dec. No significantly Earth directed CMEs were observed. 
Eastward, non Earth directed CMEs were frequently observed over 
the UT day 28-Nov. A faint southeast CME was observed from 28/0500UT 
in LASCO C2 imagery which appeared to have some expansion across 
the solar central meridian, however this CME could not be correlated 
to on disk activity. The solar wind speed on UT day 28-Nov was 
moderate to strong and continued to slowly decline as the recent 
influence from a coronal hole wind stream gradually abates. The 
solar wind speed ranged between 670-585 km/s and is currently 
at 595 km/s. The interplanetary magnetic field strength (IMF, 
Bt) peaked at 7 nT, with the north-south component (Bz) ranged 
between -6 and +5 nT. The solar wind speed is expected to continue 
to further decline over 30-Nov.

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2A. MAGNETIC SUMMARY

Geomagnetic field for Australian Region 28 Nov: G0

Estimated Indices 28 Nov : A   K           
   Australian Region      14   32343332
      Cocos Island         8   22233221
      Darwin              13   32333323
      Townsville          16   32443332
      Learmonth           14   32343332
      Alice Springs       11   22333322
      Gingin              17   32344432
      Canberra            16   22444332
      Kennaook Cape Grim  18   33444332
      Hobart              18   33444332    

Estimated Antarctic Regional K Indices 28 Nov :
      Macquarie Island    44   34656632
      Casey               30   55544333
      Mawson              37   55445454

Observed Regional daily pc3 Indices 28 Nov : 
      Darwin               6   (Quiet)
      Townsville           0   (Quiet)
      Learmonth            2   (Quiet)
      Alice Springs        0   (Quiet)
      Gingin              55   (Unsettled)
      Canberra            63   (Active)
      Hobart              62   (Active)

Pc3 pulsations are high frequency (10-45 second period) variations 
of the Earths magnetic field. Daily pc3-indices are the daily sum 
of 20 minute pc3-indices for that station and have been shown to be
well correlated with rejection of high resolution aeromagnetic
survey flight-line data. 

NOTE: Indices may have been generated from data obtained in 
cooperation with the following organisations: Geoscience Australia, 
University of Newcastle Space Physics Group, Australian Government 
Antarctic Division and International Center for Space Weather 
Science and Education, Japan.


Estimated AFr/Ap Indices 28 Nov : A 
           Fredericksburg        16
           Planetary             21                         

Observed AFr/Ap Indices 27 Nov :  A   K
           Fredericksburg        23
           Planetary             27   3345 4454     


2B. MAGNETIC FORECAST 
Date      Ap    Conditions
29 Nov    12    G0
30 Nov    10    G0
01 Dec     8    G0

COMMENT: G0 geomagnetic conditions were observed in the Australian 
region on UT day 28-Nov. Geomagnetic activity was mildly elevated 
due to the influence of a coronal hole wind stream. G1-G2 conditions 
were observed in the Antarctic region. G0 geomagnetic conditions 
are generally expected over 29-Nov to 01-Dec. There is a slight 
chance of an isolated G1 period on 29-Nov as the influence of 
a coronal hole wind stream continues to decline.

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3A. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION SUMMARY
	            Latitude Band
Date        Low            Middle         High 
28 Nov      Normal         Normal-fair    Fair           

PCA Event : No event.

3B. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION FORECAST
	            Latitude Band
Date        Low            Middle         High 
29 Nov      Normal         Normal         Fair
30 Nov      Normal         Normal         Normal-fair
01 Dec      Normal         Normal         Normal-fair

COMMENT: HF radio propagation conditions on UT day 28-Nov were 
normal to fair, with fair conditions observed at middle to high 
latitudes due to mildly elevated geomagnetic activity. HF conditions 
are expected to be fair to normal on 29-Nov, improving to normal 
over 30-Nov to 01-Dec. Isolated HF fadeouts are possible.

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4A. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC SUMMARY


Date   T index
28 Nov    94

Observed Australian Regional MUFs
   Cocos Island Region:
      Mostly near predicted monthly values.
   Niue Island Region:
      Enhanced by 20-25%.
   Northern Australian Region:
      Near predicted monthly values during local day.
      Enhanced by 15% during local night.
      Depressed 15-20% after local dawn.
   Southern Australian Region:
      Mostly near predicted monthly values.
      Depressed 20-30% after local dawn.
   Antarctic Region (Casey/Davis/Mawson):
      Near predicted monthly values over the UT day.

Monthly T index:
Month  T index
Oct      104
Nov      89
Dec      90

4B. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC FORECAST
Date   T index  MUFs
29 Nov    65    Depressed 15 to 20%/near predicted monthly values
30 Nov    90    Near predicted monthly values
01 Dec    90    Near predicted monthly values

COMMENT: ASWFC HF Communications Warning 112 was issued on 28 
November and is current for 29 Nov only. ASWFC SWF HF Communications 
Warning 113 was issued on 28 November and is current for 29 Nov 
to 1 Dec. Maximum usable frequencies (MUFs) in the Australian 
region on UT day 28-Nov were mostly near predicted monthly values 
to 15% enhanced, becoming depressed by 15-30% after local dawn 
this morning, possibly in association with mild overnight geomagnetic 
activity. Spread F was observed during local night hours at Hobart. 
Sporadic E was observed at times at Hobart and Niue. Australian 
region MUFs are expected to be initially depressed 15-20% on 
29-Nov, recovering as the day progresses. MUFs are expected to 
be near predicted monthly values during 30-Nov to 01-Dec. Isolated 
HF fadeouts are possible.

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5. SPACE ENVIRONMENT SUMMARY

GOES satellite data for 27 Nov
       Daily Proton Fluence >1 MeV:   3.1E+06
       Daily Proton Fluence >10 MeV:  1.8E+04
       Daily Electron Fluence >2 MeV: 3.40E+08   (moderate fluence)
Electron Fluence Daily Deep Dielectric Discharge Probability:20%
Fluence (flux accumulation over 24hrs)/ cm2-ster-day.
       X-ray background: B8.1

DSCOVR Satellite Solar Wind Day Averaged Data for 27 Nov
Speed: 668 km/sec  Density:    1.3 p/cc  Temp:   279000 K  Bz:  -1 nT

(Courtesy Space Weather Prediction Center, Boulder USA)
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Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre
Bureau of Meteorology
ASWFC at bom.gov.au
www.bom.gov.au | www.sws.bom.gov.au



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