[Ips-dsgr] ASWFC Daily Report - 22 December 24 issued 2330 UT on 22 Dec 2024 [SEC=OFFICIAL]

Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre aswfc at bom.gov.au
Mon Dec 23 10:30:48 AEDT 2024


SUBJ: ASWFC DAILY SOLAR AND GEOPHYSICAL REPORT
ISSUED AT 2330UT/22 DECEMBER 2024
FROM THE AUSTRALIAN SPACE WEATHER FORECASTING CENTRE
SUMMARY FOR 22 DECEMBER AND FORECAST FOR 23 DECEMBER - 25 DECEMBER
STATUS INDICATORS SOL:** YELLOW **   MAG:** YELLOW **     ION: GREEN
ASWAS SCALE DESCRIPTION: https://bit.ly/3lmaMBx
-----------------------------------------------------------
1A. SOLAR SUMMARY
Activity 22 Dec:  R1

Flares    Max     Fadeout    Freq.  Sectors
  M1.0    0410UT  possible   lower  E. Asia/Aust.
  M1.1    1414UT  possible   lower  South American/
                                    Atlantic
  M1.1    2049UT  possible   lower  East Pacific/
                                    North American

Observed 10.7 cm flux/Equivalent Sunspot Number for 22 Dec: 223/173


1B. SOLAR FORECAST
             23 Dec             24 Dec             25 Dec
Activity     R0-R1, chance R2   R0-R1, chance R2   R0-R1, chance R2
Fadeouts     Possible           Possible           Possible
10.7cm/SSN   220/170            220/170            215/165

COMMENT: Solar activity on UT day 22-Dec was at the R1 level, 
due to an M1.0 flare at 22/0410UT, an M1.1 flare at 22/1414UT 
and an M1.1 flare at 22/2049UT. There are currently eight numbered 
sunspot regions visible on the solar disk and one unnumbered 
region. AR3932 (S17E48, beta) and AR3930 (S22W58, beta) were 
responsible for the three M-class flares on 22-Dec, both of these 
regions appeared stable over the UT-day, although a lack of imagery 
makes growth difficult to analyse. AR3926 (S20W09, alpha), AR3928 
(S17E39, beta-gamma) and AR3934 (N12E65, alpha) all showed spot 
development over the UT day. An unnumbered region has recently 
rotated onto the solar disk at around S18E72 with alpha magnetic 
complexity. All other sunspot regions are stable. Solar activity 
is expected to be at R0-R1 levels over 23-25 Dec, with a chance 
of isolated R2 flares. S0 solar radiation storm conditions were 
observed on UT day 22-Dec, however the >10MeV proton flux as 
measured at GOES is elevated just below the S1 threshold. S0-S1 
solar radiation storm conditions are expected on 23-Dec. S0 conditions, 
with a chance of S1 are expected on 24-25 Dec. Multiple CMEs 
were observed on 22-Dec, but none are considered significantly 
geoeffective. A CME first observed on 21-Dec at 2000UT in SOHO 
and STEREO-A imagery associated with a filament eruption in the 
northeast quadrant of the disk has been further analysed. Modelling 
suggests this CME presents the chance of a glancing impact with 
Earth on 24-Dec at 0700UT +/- 12 hours. A large CME directed 
to the southwest is visible in SOHO and STEREO-A imagery from 
22/0400UT. This CME is associated with coronal movement off the 
western limb. Modelling uncertainty was increased due to a lack 
of available STEREO-A imagery. Modelling suggests this CME presents 
the chance of a glancing impact with Earth on 24-Dec at 2000UT 
+/- 12 hours. The solar wind speed was elevated over the UT day, 
mostly ranging between 520 km/s and 750 km/s. The solar wind 
speed is currently at around 580 km/s. The peak total interplanetary 
field strength (IMF, Bt) was 9 nT and the north-south IMF component 
(Bz) was +8 to -7 nT. The current enhancement in the solar wind 
environment may be due to ongoing effects from a recent CME impact. 
The solar wind speed is expected to continue to be elevated on 
23-Dec. Slight enhancements are possible on 24-Dec due to the 
chance of two glancing impacts from CMEs first observed on 21-Dec 
and 22-Dec, although if wind speed remains at current levels 
these enhancements may not be noticeable. The solar wind is expected 
to remain elevated on 25-dec.

-----------------------------------------------------------
2A. MAGNETIC SUMMARY

Geomagnetic field for Australian Region 22 Dec: G0

Estimated Indices 22 Dec : A   K           
   Australian Region      12   22233333
      Cocos Island         8   22123322
      Darwin               9   12223323
      Townsville          12   22233333
      Learmonth           10   22223332
      Alice Springs       11   12233333
      Gingin              12   22233333
      Canberra            12   22233333
      Kennaook Cape Grim  14   23333333
      Hobart              14   23333333    

Estimated Antarctic Regional K Indices 22 Dec :
      Macquarie Island    17   2234443-
      Casey               35   46644333
      Mawson              30   34444554

Observed Regional daily pc3 Indices 22 Dec : 
      Darwin               0   (Quiet)
      Townsville           0   (Quiet)
      Learmonth            0   (Quiet)
      Alice Springs        0   (Quiet)
      Gingin              15   (Quiet)
      Canberra             4   (Quiet)

Pc3 pulsations are high frequency (10-45 second period) variations 
of the Earths magnetic field. Daily pc3-indices are the daily sum 
of 20 minute pc3-indices for that station and have been shown to be
well correlated with rejection of high resolution aeromagnetic
survey flight-line data. 

NOTE: Indices may have been generated from data obtained in 
cooperation with the following organisations: Geoscience Australia, 
University of Newcastle Space Physics Group, Australian Government 
Antarctic Division and International Center for Space Weather 
Science and Education, Japan.


Estimated AFr/Ap Indices 22 Dec : A 
           Fredericksburg         9
           Planetary             12                         

Observed AFr/Ap Indices 21 Dec :  A   K
           Fredericksburg        13
           Planetary             12   3312 3333     


2B. MAGNETIC FORECAST 
Date      Ap    Conditions
23 Dec    10    G0
24 Dec    16    G0, chance of G1
25 Dec    10    G0

COMMENT: G0 geomagnetic conditions were observed in the Australian 
region on UT day 22-Dec. G2 conditions were observed at Casey 
station whilst G1 conditions were observed at Mawson. G0 geomagnetic 
conditions are expected on 23-Dec. G0 conditions with a chance 
of G1 are expected on 24-Dec due to two possible glancing CME 
impacts. G0 conditions are expected on 25-Dec.

-----------------------------------------------------------
3A. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION SUMMARY
	            Latitude Band
Date        Low            Middle         High 
22 Dec      Normal-fair    Normal-fair    Fair           

PCA Event : No event.

3B. GLOBAL HF PROPAGATION FORECAST
	            Latitude Band
Date        Low            Middle         High 
23 Dec      Normal-fair    Normal-fair    Fair-poor
24 Dec      Normal-fair    Normal-fair    Fair-poor
25 Dec      Normal-fair    Normal-fair    Fair-poor

COMMENT: HF radio propagation conditions were fair at the start 
and end of 21-Dec at low and mid latitudes, with poor conditions 
observed at high latitudes at these times. Conditions were mostly 
normal in the middle of the UT day. HF radio propagation conditions 
are expected to be mostly normal to fair over 23-25 Dec, with 
fair to poor conditions expected at high latitudes. Shortwave 
fadeouts are possible.

-----------------------------------------------------------
4A. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC SUMMARY


Date   T index
22 Dec   101

Observed Australian Regional MUFs
   Cocos Island Region:
      Mostly near predicted monthly values.
      Depressed by 20% after local dawn.
   Niue Island Region:
      Mostly near predicted monthly values.
   Northern Australian Region:
      Near predicted monthly values.
   Southern Australian Region:
      Depressed by 15% during local day.
      Near predicted monthly values during local night.
   Antarctic Region (Casey/Davis/Mawson):
      Near predicted monthly values over the UT day.

Monthly T index:
Month  T index
Nov      127
Dec      117
Jan      114

4B. AUSTRALIAN REGION IONOSPHERIC FORECAST
Date   T index  MUFs
23 Dec   110    Near predicted monthly values
24 Dec   100    Near predicted monthly values
25 Dec   110    Near predicted monthly values

COMMENT: ASWFC SWF HF Communications Warning 147 was issued on 
21 December and is current for 21-23 Dec. Maximum usable frequencies 
(MUFs) in the Australian region on UT day 22-Dec were mostly 
near predicted monthly values, with depressions of up to 15% 
observed in the southern Australian region during local day. 
Mild spread F was observed at Hobart during local day. Sporadic 
E was observed at Hobart during local dawn and at Brisbane and 
Perth spread throughout the day. MUFs are expected to be mostly 
near predicted monthly values over 23-25 Dec. Shortwave fadeouts 
are possible.

-----------------------------------------------------------
5. SPACE ENVIRONMENT SUMMARY

GOES satellite data for 21 Dec
       Daily Proton Fluence >1 MeV:   4.8E+05
       Daily Proton Fluence >10 MeV:  2.1E+05
       Daily Electron Fluence >2 MeV: 2.10E+07   (normal fluence)
Electron Fluence Daily Deep Dielectric Discharge Probability: 4%
Fluence (flux accumulation over 24hrs)/ cm2-ster-day.
       X-ray background: C2.0

DSCOVR Satellite Solar Wind Day Averaged Data for 21 Dec
Speed: 508 km/sec  Density:    2.8 p/cc  Temp:   202000 K  Bz:   2 nT

(Courtesy Space Weather Prediction Center, Boulder USA)
-----------------------------------------------------------

Australian Space Weather Forecasting Centre
Bureau of Meteorology
ASWFC at bom.gov.au
www.bom.gov.au | www.sws.bom.gov.au



More information about the ips-dsgr mailing list